People and Technology Management Journal
Is an electronic journal created for the publication of original articles, as essays or research papers -related to people and technology management -mainly written in Latin America and the Hispanic world.
Departamento Tecnologías de Gestión de la Facultad Tecnológica de la Universidad de Santiago de Chile
In this first edition of April 2026 - No. 55, we extend our greetings to our entire community of readers of the electronic journal "People and Technology Management". an academic project of the Department of Management Technologies at the Faculty of Technology of the University of Santiago, Chile. This journal, now in its 17th year, continues to embrace new challenges and consolidate its work at the national and international levels. In this edition, we would like to remind you that, as part of its 2024 improvement plan, the areas and sub-areas for article publication have been updated.
Copyright (c) 2026 People and Technology Management Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
In this third and final edition of 2025, we extend our greetings to our entire community of readers of the electronic journal "People and Technology Management," an academic project of the Department of Management Technologies at the Faculty of Technology of the University of Santiago, Chile. This journal, now in its 17th year, continues to embrace new challenges and consolidate its work at both the national and international levels. In this edition, we would like to remind you that, as part of its 2024 improvement plan, the areas and sub-areas for article publication have been updated.
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
State of the Art in Human Resources Auditing: A Bibliometric Approach
The purpose of this article is to present an analysis of the scientific output on human resource auditing using bibliometric methods. The research was conducted in the two main and most widely recognized global databases, Scopus and Web of Science. The scientific articles identified were processed using MS Excel, RStudio, and Bibliometrix, providing information on annual production, production by country, author analysis, citation levels, thematic areas, keyword co-occurrence, and document analysis. The scientific output on human resource auditing in the databases examined has been increasing over time; however, it remains limited. Nevertheless, notable studies were identified in the fields of medicine, innovation, business, administration, and accounting. The findings also highlight that scientific production is highly concentrated at the country, continental, and especially the author level.
Copyright (c) 2025 People and Technology Management Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Relationships of trust and cooperation for empowerment: methodological perspective for their facilitation
Trust and cooperation are fundamental for individuals to express their potential in their various spheres of action. Psychosocial empowerment is nourished by this bond and, in turn, contributes to it. This is a theoretical-reflective study with elements of systematized experiences, grounded in the complexity approach and action research. The article aims to reveal, from a complex perspective, the relationship between these categories, including a conceptual positioning on them. Furthermore, it seeks to identify points of convergence between different facilitation models that can generate methodological alliances for positive change. The need for an integrative approach to the studied reality is highlighted, in which these relationships could emerge as both conditions and consequences of this process. The research underpinning this article was conducted in the Cuban context, specifically through the work of the Human Change Group at the Center for Psychological and Sociological Research. Facilitation experiences related to these themes are shared, along with some characteristics of other approaches. The conclusions highlight the common elements among the presented methodologies, underscoring the importance of process facilitation. A conceptual and methodological integration is offered that contributes to understanding and facilitating the development of personal and collective power in diverse contexts. Furthermore, the relevance of this complex approach is emphasized, not only as a way to understand reality, but also to transform it.
En esta segunda edición de 2025 - N°53, saludamos a toda nuestra comunidad de lectoras y lectores de la Revista Electrónica “GESTIÓN DE LAS PERSONAS Y TECNOLOGÍA”, proyecto académico del Depto. de Tecnologías de Gestión de la Facultad Tecnológica de la Universidad de Santiago de Chile. Revista que ha cumplido 16 años de vida y lo hace avanzando en nuevos desafíos y consolidando su quehacer a nivel nacional e internacional.
Effectiveness in documentation recording in software development work environments
This research article addresses the effectiveness of documentation as a critical but frequently underestimated factor for the sustainability of software projects. Starting from the premise that many projects are abandoned due to deficient management and increasing technical complexity, this study aimed to objectively quantify documentation and versioning practices within a work team engaged in software development at a financial institution. The research is grounded in a theoretical framework that connects code clarity, agile methodologies, and version control with team productivity and long-term project viability. The methodology consisted of a quantitative and empirical analysis, using an automated script to examine 1,294 commits from four critical software repositories during the second quarter of 2025. The instrument measured adherence to the Conventional Commits standard as an indicator of quality and discipline in change documentation. The results revealed a low consolidated compliance rate of only 24.34%, evidencing a significant gap between recommended best practices and their actual application.
Psychometric Properties of the Academic Goals Questionnaire (AGQ) in University Students from Metropolitan Lima
The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Academic Goals Questionnaire (AGQ), which measures motivation orientation, in a sample of university students from Metropolitan Lima. A total of 957 undergraduate students participated, of whom 389 were women (40.6%) and 568 were men (59.4%). To assess construct validity, a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted, yielding good fit indices for the three-factor model comprising learning goals, social reinforcement goals, and achievement goals (RMSEA = .057, SRMR = .062; CFI = .960; TLI = .954). Convergent validity was supported by Average Variance Extracted (AVE) values above .50. Additionally, to evaluate criterion-related validity, correlations were estimated between the three AGQ factors and scores on the Perceived Academic Situational Self-Efficacy Scale (EAPESA) and the Short Academic Procrastination Scale (APS-S), with most coefficients being statistically significant (p < .001). Regarding reliability, McDonald's omega coefficients were .881 for learning goals, .861 for social reinforcement goals, and .848 for achievement goals. The results support the validity and reliability of the AGQ for use in Peruvian university contexts. Validation of this instrument provides useful information for understanding motivational profiles and informing educational strategies aimed at strengthening formative processes and the development of students as part of their formation in higher education systems in the Peruvian context.
Team empathic ability and project performance in civil engineering projects
The growing complexity of civil engineering projects demands new skills within project teams. Empathy is emerging as a skill that promotes collaboration and team integration. This study investigates whether team empathic ability is related to project performance in civil engineering projects. The study was conducted across six projects. A mixed-methods approach was adopted: in the first stage, 148 surveys were administered to measure empathy, followed by 23 interviews to assess performance. The findings reveal a positive correlation between team empathic ability and project performance. This research provides insights into current levels of empathic ability within teams, leading to the conclusion that there is significant scope for enhancing performance.
Hybrid Support Model for Workplace Well-being: A Transdisciplinary Intervention for Psychosocial Risk Management in the Maule Region. An Applied Case Study
This study describes the development and formative evaluation of a Hybrid Support Model for Workplace Well-being (MHAB), aimed at managing psychosocial risks in organizations in the Maule Region, Chile. The model adopts a transdisciplinary approach that integrates digital technologies, participatory methodologies, and a gender perspective to strengthen mental health in the workplace. An applied research design with a mixed-methods approach was used, combining quantitative data (diagnostic and satisfaction surveys) and qualitative data (semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and content analysis), analyzed through descriptive statistics and thematic categorization. The study was conducted across eight stages, including organizational diagnosis, co-design of the intervention, development of a digital platform, and pilot implementation of the model. The experience was carried out in three participating organizations—two public educational institutions in Talca and a wine-producing company in the commune of Sagrada Familia—involving managers, application committees, human resources professionals, and workers. The intervention combined in-person workshops, digital training capsules, and organizational self-diagnosis tools, primarily aimed at strengthening leadership and effective communication. The results show high levels of acceptance and relevance of the model among participating organizations, as well as increased institutional awareness of psychosocial risks and the value of a gender perspective in workplace well-being management. Additionally, transferable products were developed, including a functional digital platform prototype, multimedia training materials, and organizational diagnostic reports, which facilitate compliance with the Psychosocial Risk Protocol currently in force in Chile. It is concluded that the MHAB constitutes a viable and context-sensitive tool to support workplace well-being management in organizations with limited resources, with potential scalability to other productive sectors. The model provides an innovative hybrid organizational intervention strategy that contributes to strengthening healthy work environments and advancing the principles of decent work.
Humanizing research work in postgraduate education in the era of artificial intelligence.
This article aims to critically reflect on the influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on research training processes in postgraduate education, particularly within the social sciences and humanities. Drawing on a critical perspective, it explores AI's opportunities for task automation, enhanced information retrieval, and academic writing support, while addressing the ethical challenges associated with its use. This paper warns against the risk of reducing research to a purely technical exercise and underscores the importance of preserving students' critical thinking, intellectual autonomy, and creativity. It advocates for understanding AI as a complementary, not substitutive, tool within an educational process committed to social transformation and the pursuit of knowledge. The article concludes by calling on educational institutions to develop clear regulatory frameworks and promote critical training spaces that encourage the ethical use of AI in academic production.
The psychological contract in people management: healthy relationships and emotional experiences in the workplace
The psychological contract is a central component of contemporary people management, referring to the implicit beliefs and expectations that shape the relationship between employees and organizations. This essay analyzes the role of the psychological contract in workplace relationships and emotional experiences at work, considering its impact on mental health, engagement, and organizational well-being. Drawing on a critical theoretical review and the recent Chilean context, the concept of “healthy sensations” is proposed as a complementary qualitative indicator of organizational climate. Implications for people management and directions for future research and organizational practice are discussed.
Digital Human Resource at Work: how e-HRM Shapes Modern Organizational Performancenizational Performance in IT sector Organizations.
This research seeks the nexus and the interdependency of e-HRM (Electronic Human Resource Management), organizational ambidexterity, employee performance, and overall organizational success in major IT organizations located in twins cities i.e. Rawalpindi and Islamabad Pakistan. Data was collected by cross-sectional research design from 532 employees working in IT organizations. Obtained results show that use of Electronic Human Resource Management (e-HRM) has positively linked with Organizational ambidexterity that ultimately increased the employees as well as organizational performance. The research has the practical implications for the decision-makers and leadership a complete roadmap for the understanding of how e-HRM is incorporated into the vision of modern business distant technologies.
In this first issue of 2025, No. 52, we salute our entire community of readers of the e-journal "PEOPLE AND TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT," an academic project of the Department of Management Technologies of the Technological Faculty of the University of Santiago de Chile. This journal has celebrated its 16th anniversary and continues to advance new challenges and consolidate its work at the national and international levels.
Psychometric Properties of the Gender Stereotype Scale (ESGEN) in chilean healthcare workers
This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Gender Stereotype Scale (ESGEN) in a sample of public healthcare workers in Chile. Using a quantitative approach, the scale was administered to 107 participants, and its validity and reliability were assessed through exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and internal consistency testing. The EFA results supported a two-factor structure aligned with the theoretical model, comprising “Traditionally Feminine Roles” and “Traditionally Masculine Roles,” which together accounted for 66.28% of the total variance. Sampling adequacy (KMO = 0.857) and Bartlett’s test of sphericity confirmed the suitability of factor analysis. The instrument demonstrated strong reliability (α = 0.830). The CFA further validated the two-factor model, yielding satisfactory fit indices (CFI = 0.95; TLI = 0.94; RMSEA = 0.058). Significant correlations between dimensions and gender differences were found, with men showing higher adherence to gender stereotypes than women. Overall, the findings support the ESGEN as a valid and reliable measure for assessing gender stereotypes in healthcare settings and highlight its relevance for research and institutional policies aimed at promoting gender equity in the health sector.
The new Migration Law for Chile: a device of controlling and sanctioning legal knowledge/power.
This paper presents the most relevant results of the authors' research on the new Chilean Migration Law (Law No. 21,325 of 2021) from its discursive perspective. To carry out the analysis, the theoretical framework used was the conceptualization of a device as knowledge/power, from the perspective of M. Foucault. In this context, the discursive expression referring to this legal language-object is described, addressing specific articles thereof. As a result of this analysis, it is verified that the most relevant contents of its knowledge relate to the control and sanctions that can be exercised over migrants. In methodological terms, a specific instrument is developed with which the legal corpus is analytically read, delimiting and characterizing the semantic and ideological qualities contained in the law on the migration phenomenon, as well as the subjects involved and the type of regulation established, in a social context that obeys specific historical and political coordinates.
Analysis of the Psychometric Properties of the Colquitt’s Organizational Justice Scale in Mining Workers
This study analyzed the factor structure of Colquitt's Organizational Justice Scale by employing a non-experimental cross-sectional-descriptive design with 300 workers from a Chilean mining company. The analysis included both the original four-factor model and a second-order general factor model, revealing that the last one presented a slightly better fit. Despite a generally high internal consistency, inadequate reliability was observed for the interpersonal justice subscale. Criterion validity was explored by establishing a connection between organizational justice and job satisfaction, explaining 24.4% of the variance of the latter. The results of this research significantly advance the understanding of the construct and predictive validity of the scale in a Chilean sample.
Organizational commitment and job satisfaction in public officials, analysis 2020 and 2022 comparing urban and rural province, Chile.
La presente investigación busca conocer la relación entre los constructos de compromiso organizacional y satisfacción laboral en trabajadores municipales de una provincia rural y una urbana de Chile. Se realizó una comparación longitudinal entre los períodos 2020 y 2022, para analizar los cambios a través del tiempo. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, correlacional y no experimental, donde se aplicó una encuesta de la cual se obtuvo una muestra de trabajadores municipales de una provincia rural (PR) y urbana (PU), en los períodos 2020 (PR, n=86 y PU, n=163) y 2022 (PR, n= 122 y PU, n= 92). De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos se confirma para esta muestra, la relación entre los constructos contestando con ello el objetivo de esta investigación, donde el compromiso afectivo se relaciona fuertemente con la satisfacción laboral, le sigue el compromiso normativo y luego el compromiso con la continuidad. Esto se visualiza en los dos períodos observados, reportándose diferencias estadísticamente significativas según Test de Mantel.
Performance Evaluation of a Genetic Algorithm Based on Parameter Configuration in the 0-1 Knapsack Problem
Experimentation with different configurations of the genetic algorithm revealed that a low mutation probability, combined with an appropriate tournament size, significantly improves the algorithm's performance. This is reflected in the reduction of the average GAP and the maximization of the achieved objective value, thereby establishing quantifiable benchmark parameters for efficient implementations of the 0-1 knapsack problem. The novelty of the study lies in providing concrete guidelines for practical applications, identifying consistent relationships between parameter configuration and algorithm behavior. While genetic algorithms are effective in exploring large search spaces in NP-complete problems, this work demonstrates that they require precise calibration to avoid premature convergence. It was found that the mutation probability and tournament size directly influence the algorithm's exploratory and exploitative dynamics. In general, combinations with low mutation and intermediate tournament sizes offered a good balance between solution quality and stability, whereas extreme values (mutation of 0.20 or tournament size k = 2/k = 4) increased performance variability, especially in larger-scale problems. These findings highlight the algorithm’s sensitivity to these parameters and underscore the importance of careful tuning to preserve its effectiveness in complex scenarios.
Student perception of the conversational agent to innovate the educational process of Python programming
The general aim of this mixed research is to analyze the perception of the students about the use of the Conversational Agent for Python Programming (ACPP) considering data science. The sample is made up of 25 students of the Bachelor of Earth Sciences who took the Computational Tools course during the 2025 school year at the National Autonomous University of Mexico. Likewise, another sample was used consisting of 5 teachers studying the Master's Degree in Teaching for Upper Secondary Education, NAUM. The results indicate that the ACPP favors the aspects of the learning, motivation, and enthusiasm. Likewise, the decision tree algorithm created 2 forecast models considering the learning style, sex, and technological skills. In conclusion, the ACPP represents a technological alternative for educational innovation because the students can communicate with this conversational agent at any time of the day regardless of the physical location.
Appraisal of academic and research staff by amplification of scores according to their proximity to institutional objectives
The issue of tension between the individual objectives of academic and research staff and the strategic objectives of the institution in which they work is addressed in this study, to develop a methodology for their appraisal that takes into account both individual objectives, in the context of academic freedom, and the above-mentioned institutional strategic objectives. To this end, a similarity metric is proposed, based on the Manhattan distance, to measure the proximity between individual and institutional objectives, which allows generating an amplification factor for individual scores. The new amplified score can be used to generate work incentives, such as job promotions or financial benefits.
Information and Communication Technologies for Training in Socioemotional Competencies: An exploratory-descriptive analysis of the main proposals
Socio-emotional skills have proven to be a protective factor that fosters interpersonal relationships and is used in various everyday situations to respond to new social needs inherent to human beings. These skills are related to a set of competencies distinct from cognitive ones. In this context, the incorporation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), the use of the internet, and virtual platforms appear as a useful and valid tool for training and development in these types of skills. This article aims to analyze the main technological tools for training and development in socio-emotional skills, based on an exploratory-descriptive review of recent scientific literature. An exploratory-descriptive study was conducted by searching for articles published between 2023 and 2024 in the SciELO, Redalyc, and Web of Science databases, supplemented by Google Scholar, considering studies in Spanish and English that used digital technologies for the development of socio-emotional skills. The results highlight that technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Serious Games are the most frequently used tools in this field, mainly in educational and training contexts, both in the general population and in groups with specific needs.
En esta última edición, la N°51 del año 2024, saludamos a toda nuestra comunidad de lectoras y lectores de la Revista Electrónica “GESTIÓN DE LAS PERSONAS Y TECNOLOGÍA”, proyecto académico del Depto. de Tecnologías de Gestión de la Facultad Tecnológica de la Universidad de Santiago de Chile. Revista que este año ha cumplido 16 años de vida y lo hace avanzando en nuevos desafíos y consolidando su quehacer a nivel nacional e internacional. Al mismo tiempo, nos permitimos extender a toda nuestra audiencia los mejores deseos de paz y tranquilidad para el año 2025, que el nuevo año que pronto se inicia sea una oportunidad de crecimiento y desarrollo personal y profesional para todas y todos. En esta nueva edición nos permitimos recordar que, en el marco de su plan de mejora 2024, se han actualizado las áreas y sub áreas para publicación de sus artículos. La Revista GPT, luego de realizar una revisión pertinente y consultar a expertos en sus principales ámbitos de interés ha definido que todos los artículos que se reciban a contar del 01 de octubre de 2024 deben adscribirse a una de las siguientes áreas y sub áreas: Gestión de Personas: subsistemas tradicionales (capacitación, bienestar, calidad de vida, compensaciones, evaluación del desempeño y otros), relaciones laborales, educación superior y formación de personas, perspectiva de género en las organizaciones y socioantropología del trabajo y las organizaciones. Tecnología: gestión de la innovación, gestión tecnológica, brecha digital y su impacto en las personas y el trabajo, construcción social de la tecnología, avances tecnológicos y su impacto en la gestión organizacional, proceso de transformación digital e industria 4.0 y su inclusión en los procesos organizacionales.
Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Adaptation and Validation of an Emotional Intelligence Instrument for Personnel Selection in the Chilean Public Health System
This article describes the stages to adapt, validate and perform a factor analysis on the Emotional Intelligence scale (López-Zafra, Pulido y Berrios, 2014), whose purpose is to provide a valid and reliable instrument for the selection of people in the health area. The sample was N=142 people. The results show adequate values for these tests KMO=0.62; Sig < 0.05; GFI= 0.956; RMSR= 0.076; Kelley´s criterion= 0.0842; McDonal´s Omega= 0.767 and Standarized Cronbach´s alpha= 0.757. Finally, the Emotional Intelligence scale is made up of a total of 17 items explained by two factors, the first factor refers to the management of everyday situations and the second factor to the intrapersonal situation. The analyzes were carried out in the statistical programs FACTOR and JAMOVI.
What is it wrong with healthcare digitalization? Restriction and biases
While digitization can make the health sector faster and more efficient, there are many financial, social and organizational obstacles and barriers to its implementation. This article offers a systematic review, with PRISMA method, of the main troubles detected from the scientific literature review. Also there is a proposal of new kind of restrictions and biases to pay attention. Finally, its offer a heterodox reading about the problem analyzed to improve its management and narrative.
Job Performance and Effective Appraisals: Exploring the Factors that Successfully Impact Organizations
This article addresses the importance of organizational factors in the effectiveness of performance appraisals and their relationship with job performance, a crucial issue in human resource management. The research focuses on identifying how elements such as organizational culture, internal communication and wellness policies impact employees' perception of performance appraisals. An exhaustive review of recent literature was conducted, as well as field research with managers and supervisors who evaluate their work teams, which allowed us to synthesize relevant findings and establish connections between different organizational factors and their influence on work performance. The results indicate that a positive organizational environment, characterized by good communication and effective wellness policies, improves employees' perception of performance evaluations, which in turn translates into better performance. This research highlights the need for organizations to pay attention to these factors in order to optimize their appraisal processes. In conclusion, the findings suggest identifying that improving the effectiveness of performance appraisals can be achieved by paying attention to organizational factors, which represents a significant opportunity for the development of human talent management strategies.
Smart cities: meta-information systems, from an approach
Smart cities are characterized by optimizing the efficiency of resources and services through the analysis of data generated by technological sensors installed in urban spaces. However, their presence and purpose may vary according to the political, technological, and social circumstances of each territory. The objective of this research focuses on a broad comparison of the contexts of the cities of Toronto, Wichita, Chicago, San Diego, Dehradun, and Shanghai, in order to abstract them as information metasystems that adapt to their specific environments through feedback. The methodology was based on an overview of content related to the six smart cities. According to the data, projects focused on transforming cities present objectives geared toward optimizing economic resources, but above all, infrastructure control to ensure certainty through feedback.
Measuring access to digital technologies for higher education
The objective of this study is to characterize the access to digital technologies by students of a higher education institution in Colombia that offers academic programs under the virtual modality. To collect the information, 384 people linked to the university were surveyed. Laptop, fixed internet and smartphone were identified as the main digital tools used by students, which were compared by gender, finding similarities and differences that are presented in the document. Additionally, it was found that tablet, projector, audio equipment and voice assistant, are the devices with lower levels of access by respondents. These results can present a significant input for the development of programs and course plans, based on the tools that have greater accessibility by the population involved in the teaching-learning process
Influence of emotional intelligence, satisfaction with studies, academic self-efficacy and trait anxiety on academic procrastination in psychology students: A multiple regression analysis
This study explores the relationship between academic procrastination and several psychological factors—emotional intelligence, academic self-efficacy, study satisfaction, and trait anxiety—in university psychology students. A cross-sectional, non-experimental design was used, involving 888 participants from a private university in Lima, Peru. The results from multiple regression analysis indicate that these variables collectively explain 30% of the variance in academic procrastination, with significant contributions from each factor. Emotional intelligence, academic self-efficacy, and study satisfaction showed negative relationships with procrastination, suggesting that higher levels in these areas are associated with reduced procrastination tendencies. Conversely, trait anxiety positively predicted procrastination, aligning with findings that link high anxiety to task avoidance. These findings underscore the importance of emotional and motivational resources in academic settings, implying that interventions fostering emotional regulation, self-efficacy, and satisfaction with studies could help mitigate procrastination behaviors. This study provides insights into the factors influencing procrastination and highlights the need for holistic approaches to address academic delay tendencies in higher education.
Investment in staff training as a determinant of business intangible value
Human resources are a source of competitive advantage for many companies, and, often, the most valuable resource. Therefore, its analysis and management is necessary and increasingly important to increase the value of the company. The main objective of this paper is to propose a theoretical model that analyses the influence that investment in human capital has on the total value of companies ‘intangibles. Concretely, we propose a model that analyzes the influence that the accumulated investment in employee training presents on the value of the company´s intangibles.
Occupational health and safety management systems under the PHVA cycle in the hotel sector of Cartagena de Indias, Colombia.
Analyze compliance with occupational health and safety management systems (SGSST) and the application of the PHVA cycle in companies in the hotel sector of Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, in accordance with resolution 0312 of 2019. 14 companies were evaluated using the instrument of diagnosis, where the level of compliance with minimum standards was presented. For the statistical analysis, the variables of the PHVA cycle and the percentage results of compliance with the standards were compared. The analysis showed that only 36% of companies (5 out of 14) present an acceptable status in their Occupational Health and Safety Management System (SGSST). Within the analysis of the PHVA cycle and its percentage evaluation, the "Verify" stage is the one that is mainly within an acceptable range of implementation, representing 50%. However, 35% of companies remain in a critical state within that same stage. There was no statistically significant difference between the stages of the PHVA cycle; When comparing the means of these stages, equal means were presented. Partial compliance with the minimum standards regulated under resolution 0312 of 2019 of the Ministry of Labor was presented.